General English Video #14 - Group 2/2A Prelims: General English, Unit V Reading Comprehension
Reading comprehension made simple: what the unit asks, the method (read the question first, mark each statement right or wrong, cut the options), the time plan, the kinds of wrong options with real counts from the 2025 papers, too-strong words, strong and weak questions, the 2025 Group 2/2A and Group 4 reading questions with answers and proof lines, and 15 practice questions on three new passages with answers.
Real questions: every reading question of the TNPSC Group 2/2A Prelims 2025 and Group 4 2025 General English papers, with the answers as printed in our copy of the papers (arivark.com). They are printed as they appear there, typing slips included. Counts, method, explanations and practice passages: ArivArk Academy.
What is Reading Comprehension?
What this unit is: Reading Comprehension is Unit V of the General English syllabus, about 20 questions a paper. In 2025 the Group 2/2A paper had 19 reading questions and the Group 4 paper had 20: 39 in all, every one printed in this PDF.
What they look like: most passages are short, 2 to 5 sentences (median about 30 words, the longest 95). Most carry one question; only two passages carried three questions (e-sevai and Vitamin C).
Question types (syllabus names): ascertainment of facts 27, strong / weak questions 5, sentence completion 4, match the following 3. 17 of them give statements (a) to (d) and ask for a code like "(b) and (d)".
The one rule: answer only from the passage. Not from your own knowledge, not from what is true in the world. If the passage does not say it, it is not the answer.
The method
Step 1. Read the question first. Does it ask what is true, what is NOT mentioned, the main idea, a word meaning or a match? You then read with a purpose.
Step 2. Read the passage once. Short passages need one careful reading, not two.
Step 3. Mark every statement. Write ✓ or ✗ next to (a), (b), (c), (d). A ✓ needs a line in the passage that says it.
Step 4. Cut the options. Strike every option (code) that holds a ✗ statement. Usually only one code is left; you may not need to check every statement.
Long passage with 3 questions: read all 3 questions first, then the passage. You will know what to look for.
Match the following: fix the one or two pairs you are sure of, then pick the only code that has them.
The time plan
| Plan | Time |
|---|
| 200 questions in 3 hours (180 minutes) | about 54 seconds a question: less than 1 minute each |
| Short passage, one question (most of them) | about 45 seconds: question, passage once, mark ✓ / ✗, pick the code |
| Long passage, 3 questions | about 2 minutes 30 seconds for the set |
| All 20 reading questions | about 15 to 18 minutes |
The kinds of wrong options
We sorted all 69 wrong options of the 2025 reading questions (statement lists and single answers) by what is wrong with them:
Not in the passage35
Opposite of the passage29
True, but not what is asked3
Passage words, changed claim2
So 64 of the 69 wrong options are of the first two kinds. Ask of every option: Does the passage say this? and Does the passage say the opposite?
| Kind of wrong option | What it does | Real example (2025) |
|---|
| NOT IN THE TEXT | Sounds sensible, but the passage never says it. | Maria: "Maria forgot to check the weather forecast." The passage says nothing about a forecast. |
| OPPOSITE | Says the reverse of a line in the passage. | Science fair: "held every two years", but the passage says "annual". |
| TRUE, BUT NOT ASKED | True in the world or in history, but not in this passage. | Freedom movements: "nationalism led to our independence" is history, not this line. |
| CHANGED CLAIM | Uses the passage's own words but changes what they say. | E-sevai: "to manage state-level databases"; the passage only says the centers are "integrated with state databases". |
Too-strong words
Too-strong words: only, all, no, complete, solely, universally, immune. In 2025, 9 wrong options carried such a word, and every one of them was false. A passage rarely says "all" or "never"; when an option does, check it twice.
Examples: "The science fair only displayed art projects." "There is complete agreement on the need for a digital center." "Crypto currencies and stocks both immune to market fluctuations." All false.
Strong and weak questions
| Type | What it is | Examples |
|---|
| Weak question | A closed question: the reply is yes / no or one word. It does not make you think or explain. | "Are you sure you are okay?" "Ever had a crush?" "Does she have a qualifying degree for this job?" |
| Strong question | An open question (how, why, what): it makes you explain, think or give details. | "How will you repay your loan, without a job?" "What is your biggest weakness?" |
| Rhetorical question | Asked to make a point or draw attention to an idea, not to get an answer. | "Who does not love a holiday?" |
| "Which question is related to the passage?" | Pick the question that the passage itself answers. The other options ask about things the passage never mentions. | Ocean passage (Group 4 2025): "Why is protecting the ocean ecosystem vital for the health of our planet?" |
Common mistakes
| Mistake | Do this instead |
|---|
| Answering from your own knowledge | A statement can be true in history and still be wrong here. Only the passage counts. |
| Picking an option because it "sounds right" | Find the line that proves it. No line, no tick. |
| Reading the passage two or three times | Read the question first, then the passage once with a purpose. |
| Missing a NOT | Underline NOT / incorrect in the question. In a NOT question, the answer is the one that is missing from the passage. |
| Ignoring the order words | first, then, next, finally, before, after: a sequence question tests the order, not the facts. |
| Trusting a too-strong word | only, all, no, complete: in 2025 every such option was false. |
TNPSC PYQs 2025: the reading questions with answers and proof
1. [TNPSC PYQ Group 2/2A, 2025] A company facing declining market share considered two options: aggressive price cuts or a niche product line targeting a specific consumer segment. The CEO, known for his long-term vision, argued that the price cuts would only offer temporary relief and erode brand value. He emphasized building a loyal customer base through unique product offerings and differentiated service.
Based on the passage, which of the following is most likely to be true?
(a) The company is primarily focused on short-term financial gains.
(b) The CEO of the company prioritizes sustainable growth and brand loyalty.
(c) The company's main challenge is a lack of production capacity.
(d) The niche product strategy has proved to be successful for the company.
(A) Only (a)(B) Both (a) and (b)(C) Only (b)(D) Both (c) and (d)
Answer: (C) Only (b). Proof: "He emphasized building a loyal customer base through unique product offerings": the CEO thinks long term. (a) is the opposite; (c) and (d) are not in the passage.
2. [TNPSC PYQ Group 2/2A, 2025] A rural community lacked access to reliable internet and digital devices. Local schools struggled to integrate technology into their curriculum and small businesses found it difficult to compete with online retailers. Community leaders proposed setting up a shared digital center, but residents feared the potential for increased surveillance and data misuse.
Based on the passage, which of the following statements are most likely true?
(a) The digital divide is primarily an urban phenomenon.
(b) The community is experiencing both economic and educational disadvantages.
(c) There is complete agreement on the need for a digital center.
(d) Concerns about privacy are hindering efforts to bridge the digital divide.
(A) Both (b) and (d)(B) Both (a) and (b)(C) Both (a) and (d)(D) Both (b) and (c)
Answer: (A) Both (b) and (d). Proof: "Local schools struggled ... small businesses found it difficult" = (b); "residents feared ... surveillance and data misuse" = (d). (a) is not in the passage; (c) says "complete agreement", the opposite of the fear.
3. [TNPSC PYQ Group 2/2A, 2025] 'Aadhaar', India's unique ID has expanded from welfare to various diverse services. It aimed to reduce fraud and boost financial inclusion. Concerns about privacy and exclusion persist. Court rulings balance security with rights.
Which of the following statements accurately reflect the main ideas presented in the passage about Aadhaar?
Select all statements that apply.
(a) Aadhaar is only used for welfare distribution.
(b) Aadhaar's scope has grown beyond its initial purpose
(c) Aadhaar aimed to reduce fraud and improve financial inclusion
(d) Privacy and exclusion concerns are associated with Aadhaar
(A) (b), (c), (d)(B) (a), (b), (c), (d)(C) (b) and (c)(D) only (b)
Answer: (A) (b), (c), (d). Proof: "has expanded from welfare to various diverse services" (b), "aimed to reduce fraud and boost financial inclusion" (c), "Concerns about privacy and exclusion persist" (d). (a) "only used for welfare" is the opposite.
4. [TNPSC PYQ Group 2/2A, 2025] Reforestation projects restore degraded ecosystems. They increase biodiversity and improve air quality. They also enhance water retention. These efforts support long-term environmental sustainability.
Which of the following statements best support the claim that reforestation is beneficial?
(a) Reforestation projects decrease biodiversity.
(b) Reforestation projects restore degraded ecosystems.
(c) Reforestation projects improve air quality.
(d) Reforestation projects enhance water retention.
(A) (b), (a), (c)(B) (b), (d), (a)(C) (b), (c), (d)(D) (a), (b), (c)
Answer: (C) (b), (c), (d). Proof: "restore degraded ecosystems ... improve air quality ... enhance water retention" = (b), (c), (d). (a) "decrease biodiversity" is the opposite of "increase biodiversity".
5. [TNPSC PYQ Group 2/2A, 2025] Digital platforms enhance citizen access to government services. Online portals reduce bureaucratic delays. This implies increased transparency and efficiency. Streamlined processes foster public trust.
Which of the following can be best inferred from the passage?
(a) E-governance increases bureaucratic delays.
(b) E-governance potentially increases transparency.
(c) Streamlined processes can build public trust.
(d) Digital platforms reduce citizen access to services.
(A) (a) and (b)(B) (b) and (d)(C) (b) and (c)(D) (a) and (d)
Answer: (C) (b) and (c). Proof: "This implies increased transparency" (b); "Streamlined processes foster public trust" (c). (a) and (d) say the opposite of the passage.
6. [TNPSC PYQ Group 2/2A, 2025] Renewable energy reduces carbon emissions. Solar and wind power are increasingly viable. This transition combats climate change. Sustainable energy solutions are vital for future generations.
Which of the following statements best summarize the main points of the passage?
(a) Renewable energy has no impact on climate change.
(b) Renewable energy reduces carbon emissions.
(c) Solar and wind power are becoming increasingly viable.
(d) Sustainable energy solutions are crucial for future generations.
(A) (b), (a), (c)(B) (b), (d), (a)(C) (a), (b), (c)(D) (b), (c), (d)
Answer: (D) (b), (c), (d). Proof: "Renewable energy reduces carbon emissions" (b), "Solar and wind power are increasingly viable" (c), "vital for future generations" (d). (a) "no impact" is the opposite.
7. [TNPSC PYQ Group 2/2A, 2025] Crypto currencies and traditional stocks both involve investment. Crypto currencies are highly volatile; stocks are relatively stable. Both are susceptible to market fluctuations, albeit differently.
Which of the following statements accurately compare crypto currencies and stocks as described in the passage?
(a) Crypto currencies and stocks involve no investment
(b) Crypto currencies and stocks both involve investment
(c) Crypto currencies and stocks both immune to market fluctuations
(d) Crypto currencies and stocks react differently to market fluctuations.
(A) (b) and (d)(B) (a) and (c)(C) (d) and (a)(D) (d) and (c)
Answer: (A) (b) and (d). Proof: "both involve investment" (b); "Both are susceptible to market fluctuations, albeit differently" (d). (a) and (c) are the opposite, with the too-strong words "no" and "immune".
8. [TNPSC PYQ Group 2/2A, 2025] First, water is heated. Then, it boils. Next, steam is produced. Finally, the steam cools and condenses.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the sequence of events in the passage?
(a) Steam is produced before the water boils.
(b) Water is heated before it boils.
(c) Steam cools and condenses after it is produced.
(d) The process starts with the cooling and condensing of steam.
(A) (a) and (d)(B) (d) and (b)(C) (c) and (a)(D) (b) and (c)
Answer: (D) (b) and (c). Proof: First heated, then boils, next steam, finally cools and condenses: (b) and (c) keep this order. (a) and (d) change the order.
9. [TNPSC PYQ Group 2/2A, 2025] The school's annual science fair showcased student projects, many experiments focussed on environmental issues. The judges awarded prizes based on creativity and scientific accuracy.
Based on the passage, which of the following are true?
(a) The science fair only displayed art projects.
(b) The science fair included experiments about the environment.
(c) The judges focused on students' fashion sense.
(d) The science fair is held every two years.
(A) Only (a)(B) Only (b)(C) Only (c)(D) Only (d)
Answer: (B) Only (b). Proof: "many experiments focussed on environmental issues" = (b). (a) "only art projects" and (d) "every two years" (the fair is annual) are opposites; (c) fashion sense is not in the passage.
10. [TNPSC PYQ Group 2/2A, 2025] Find out the best inference based on the passage:
There were different streams of freedom movements in colonial India carried out by the moderates, liberals, radicals, socialists and so on.
Which of the following is the best inference from the above statement?
(A) The emergence of nationalism in colonial India led to our independence(B) Nationalism in India emerged in the context of colonialism(C) Nationalism in India is homogenous(D) Nationalism in India is heterogenous
Answer: (D) Nationalism in India is heterogenous. Proof: "different streams ... moderates, liberals, radicals, socialists": many kinds = heterogenous. (A) and (B) may be true in history but this line does not say them; (C) homogenous (one kind) is the opposite.
11. [TNPSC PYQ Group 4, 2025] Maria always carries an umbrella in her bag. Today, despite clear skies, she brought her umbrella to work.
What can be inferred about Maria?
(A) Maria forgot to check the weather forecast(B) Maria is superstitious about umbrellas(C) Maria expects it to rain later(D) Maria doesn't like sunny days
Answer: (C) Maria expects it to rain later. Proof: "Today, despite clear skies, she brought her umbrella": she still expects rain. The weather forecast, superstition and dislike of sunny days are not in the text.
12. [TNPSC PYQ Group 4, 2025] Smart home technologies aim to simplify daily life. They offer increased convenience and efficiency. User-friendly interfaces are essential for widespread adoption. The goal is to empower individuals through technology.
Which of the following statements best describe the author's purpose in the passage?
(a) to criticize the complexity of smart home technologies
(b) to highlight the benefits of smart home technologies
(c) to emphasize the importance of user-friendly interfaces
(d) to advocate for the empowerment of individuals through technology
(A) (b), (a), (d)(B) (b), (c), (d)(C) (a), (c), (d)(D) (a), (b), (c)
Answer: (B) (b), (c), (d). Proof: "aim to simplify daily life ... convenience and efficiency" (b), "User-friendly interfaces are essential" (c), "The goal is to empower individuals" (d). (a) "criticize" is the opposite.
13. [TNPSC PYQ Group 4, 2025] A new social media platform gained rapid popularity among teenagers. Concerns arose about data privacy and the spread of misinformation. Despite these issues, the platform provided a space for creative expression and fostered online communities.
Based on the above scenario, which of the following statements are most likely to be true?
(a) The platform is universally considered harmful.
(b) The platform has both positive and negative impacts.
(c) The platform is primarily used for educational purposes.
(d) There are significant concerns about the platform's ethical implications.
(A) both (a) and (b)(B) both (b) and (d)(C) both (a) and (d)(D) both (b) and (c)
Answer: (B) both (b) and (d). Proof: "Concerns arose about data privacy and the spread of misinformation" (d); "Despite these issues, the platform provided a space for creative expression" (b): both sides. (a) "universally harmful" is too strong; (c) education is not in the passage.
14. [TNPSC PYQ Group 4, 2025] The city's rapid expansion led to increased traffic congestion and air pollution. Public transport systems were overwhelmed, and green spaces were replaced by concrete structures for the growing population. Residents complained of rising stress levels and a loss of community feeling.
Based on the given passage, which of the following statements is most likely to be true?
(a) The city is focused on preserving its historical landmarks.
(b) The city is experiencing negative consequences of unchecked growth.
(c) Residents are actively involved in urban planning decisions.
(d) The city's infrastructure is struggling to keep pace with its population.
(A) both (a) and (b)(B) both (a) and (d)(C) both (b) and (d)(D) both (b) and (c)
Answer: (C) both (b) and (d). Proof: "traffic congestion and air pollution ... green spaces were replaced" (b); "Public transport systems were overwhelmed" (d). Historical landmarks (a) and residents in planning (c) are not in the passage.
15. [TNPSC PYQ Group 4, 2025] The advent of remote work changed employment. Seamless collaboration rose with technology, Flexibility increased, yet isolation concerns grew.
Which of the following statements accurately reflect the meaning of the underlined word(s) as used in the passage?
(a) 'advent' means the gradual decline of
(b) 'seamless' means smooth and without interruption
(c) 'flexibility' refers to the ability to adapt
(d) 'isolation' means the state of being alone
(A) (a), (b), (c), (d)(B) (b) and (c)(C) (b), (c), (d)(D) only (d)
Answer: (C) (b), (c), (d). Proof: In the passage "advent" means the arrival (the start) of remote work, so (a) "gradual decline" is the opposite. (b), (c) and (d) give the right meanings.
16. [TNPSC PYQ Group 4, 2025] NASSCOM and similar global associations both represent tech sectors. NASSCOM focuses on India, others on regional or international markets. Both advocate the growth of the industry. NASSCOM'S influence is primarily within India, others have a broader reach.
Which of the following statements accurately compare NASSCOM and similar associations as described in the passage?
(a) NASSCOM and global associations represent different sectors
(b) NASSCOM and global associations represent tech sectors
(c) NASSCOM's influence is primarily within India
(d) Global associations have limited reach
(A) (a) and (d)(B) (b) and (c)(C) (c) and (a)(D) (d) and (b)
Answer: (B) (b) and (c). Proof: "both represent tech sectors" (b); "NASSCOM's influence is primarily within India" (c). (a) "different sectors" and (d) "limited reach" are opposites ("others have a broader reach").
17. [TNPSC PYQ Group 4, 2025] A small town of Brooksville is famous for its annual harvest festival, which celebrates the local forming community. The festival features pumpkin carving contests, hayrides and a petting zoo.
Which of the following activities is 'NOT mentioned' as part of the festival?
(A) Pumpkin carving contests(B) Hayrides(C) A talent show(D) A petting zoo
Answer: (C) A talent show. Proof: A NOT question: pumpkin carving contests, hayrides and a petting zoo are all named in "The festival features ...". A talent show is not.
18. [TNPSC PYQ Group 2/2A, 2025] E-sevai centers', a cornerstone of Tamil Nadu's e-governance, streamlines citizen access to essential services. These centers facilitate online delivery of documents like birth certificates and land records, reducing bureaucratic delays. Integrated with state databases, they aim to enhance transparency and minimize corruption. However, challenges persist in ensuring consistent service quality across diverse locations. Digital literacy among rural population remains a crucial factor impacting implementation. Further, system integration and maintenance require continuous investment and skilled personnel. The long-term success of e-sevai depends on bridging the digital divide and maintaining a robust infrastructure.
What is the primary function of e-sevai centers as mentioned in the passage?
(A) to provide free internet access to rural population(B) to facilitate online delivery of essential government services(C) to train government employees in digital literacy(D) to manage state-level databases
Answer: (B) to facilitate online delivery of essential government services. Proof: "These centers facilitate online delivery of documents like birth certificates and land records". Free internet is not in the passage; training staff and managing databases twist other words of the passage.
19. [TNPSC PYQ Group 2/2A, 2025] Same e-sevai passage as the question above.
The passage implies that the long-term sustainability of e-sevai primarily relies on;
(A) increasing the number of physical e-sevai centers(B) focussing solely on urban areas(C) bridging the digital divide and maintaining a infrastructure robust(D) reducing the number of available online services
Answer: (C) bridging the digital divide and maintaining a infrastructure robust. Proof: "The long-term success of e-sevai depends on bridging the digital divide and maintaining a robust infrastructure." (B) "solely on urban areas" is the opposite (the passage worries about the rural population).
20. [TNPSC PYQ Group 2/2A, 2025] Same e-sevai passage.
In the context of the passage 'streamline' means;
(A) Complicate(B) Simplify(C) Delay(D) Increase cost
Answer: (B) Simplify. Proof: "streamlines citizen access ... reducing bureaucratic delays": to streamline is to make simpler and faster. Complicate and delay are opposites.
21. [TNPSC PYQ Group 4, 2025] Vitamin C is an essential ingredient for human beings. It is required for the synthesis of intercellular cement “collagen" which is responsible for keeping various cells of human body together. As an oxidant, it acts like a cop in the body, apprehending the rowdy molecules called free radicals.
The richest source of Vitamin C is amla. The other sources lemon, orange, papaya, pineapple, cabbage, cauliflower, green peas and tomato. While cooking above 70°C Vitamin C gets destroyed.
Vitamin C is important for us because it is,
(A) Required for intercellular cement collagen(B) Required for everyday activity(C) Required for digestion(D) Required for metabolism
Answer: (A) Required for intercellular cement collagen. Proof: "It is required for the synthesis of intercellular cement collagen". Everyday activity, digestion and metabolism are not in the passage.
22. [TNPSC PYQ Group 4, 2025] Same Vitamin C passage as the question above.
What does the word 'Cop' mean in the given context?
(A) Doctor(B) Nurse(C) Nutritionist(D) Police
Answer: (D) Police. Proof: "it acts like a cop in the body, apprehending the rowdy molecules": a cop catches wrongdoers, so cop = police.
23. [TNPSC PYQ Group 4, 2025] Same Vitamin C passage.
What is amla rich in?
(A) Vitamin A(B) Vitamin B(C) Vitamin C(D) Vitamin D
Answer: (C) Vitamin C. Proof: "The richest source of Vitamin C is amla."
24. [TNPSC PYQ Group 2/2A, 2025] Fill out the suitable inference:
She read the message and sighed, hinting at her ____________
(A) achievement(B) proud moment(C) disappointment(D) excitement
Answer: (C) disappointment. Proof: "She read the message and sighed": a sigh shows sadness or tiredness, so disappointment. Achievement, pride and excitement are the opposite feelings.
25. [TNPSC PYQ Group 2/2A, 2025] The Tamil Nadu climate change mission focusses on mitigating the impact of climate change through various initiatives. Reforestation projects aim to increase carbon sinks and restore biodiversity. Coastal zone Management plans protect vulnerable shorelines from rising sea-levela Promotion of renewable energy sources, like solar and wind power, reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Community-based adaptation programs build resilience in local populations facing climate related challenges.
Match the initiatives of the Tamil Nadu climate change mission in Column A with their expected outcomes in Column B.
| (a) Reforestation projects | 1. Reduces reliance on fossil fuels |
| (b) Coastal Zone Management plans | 2. Enhances local resilience to climate impact |
| (c) Promotion of renewable energy | 3. Increases carbon absorption and biodiversity |
| (d) Community-based adaptation programs | 4. Protects shorelines from rising sea levels |
(A) 2413(B) 1423(C) 3412(D) 4312
Answer: (C) 3412. Proof: Reforestation, "increase carbon sinks and restore biodiversity" = 3; Coastal zone plans, "protect vulnerable shorelines" = 4; renewable energy, "reduce dependence on fossil fuels" = 1; community programs, "build resilience" = 2.
26. [TNPSC PYQ Group 4, 2025] The bustling market place was a symphony of sounds and smells, vendors called out their wares, a mix of spices filled the air and the chatter of customers created a lively hum. Colourful textiles hung from stalls and fresh produce was piled high.
Match the description to the element of the market place. Match the various aspects of a market place in Column A, with their purpose in Column B:
| (a) Vendors calling out their wares | 1. creates a lively hum |
| (b) Spices filling the air with their smell | 2. appeals to the sense of sight |
| (c) Chatter of customers | 3. appeals to the sense of smell |
| (d) Colourful textiles hanging from stalls | 4. indicates commerce and trade |
(A) 1 4 3 2(B) 4 3 1 2(C) 2 1 4 3(D) 3 1 2 4
Answer: (B) 4 3 1 2. Proof: "a mix of spices filled the air" = smell, 3; "Colourful textiles" = sight, 2; only (B) has both. Then vendors calling out wares = trade, 4; chatter = lively hum, 1.
27. [TNPSC PYQ Group 4, 2025] Which of the following questions cannot be categorised under the type "weak questions"?
(1) Are you sure you are okay?
(2) What is your biggest weakness?
(3) Ever had a crush?
(4) Does she have a qualifying degree for this job?
(5) How will you repay your loan, without a job?
(A) (1) and (3)(B) (2) and (5)(C) (3) and (5)(D) (2) and (4)
Answer: (B) (2) and (5). Proof: Weak questions are closed: yes / no or a one-word reply ((1), (3), (4)). (2) and (5) are open questions that make you explain, so they are not weak.
28. [TNPSC PYQ Group 4, 2025] The ocean is a vast mysterious place, home to countless species of marine life. From colourful coral reefs to deep sea creatures, the underwater world is full of wonders waiting to be explored. As we learn more about the ocean, it becomes clear that protecting this vital eco system is essential for the health of our planet.
Which question is related to the given passage?
(A) What type of boats are commonly used for fishing in the ocean?(B) Why is protecting the ocean ecosystem vital for the health of our planet?(C) What is the name of the deepest part of the ocean?(D) Which ocean is known for having most shipwrecks?
Answer: (B) Why is protecting the ocean ecosystem vital for the health of our planet?. Proof: The passage ends with "protecting this vital eco system is essential for the health of our planet", so only (B) is answered by it. Boats, the deepest part and shipwrecks are not in the passage.
29. [TNPSC PYQ Group 2/2A, 2025] Which question type illustrates a point or focuses attention on an idea or principle?
Choose from the options given below.
(A) Rhetorical(B) Funnel(C) Inference(D) Divergent
Answer: (A) Rhetorical. Proof: A rhetorical question is asked to make a point or draw attention to an idea, not to get an answer. (No passage: a question on question types.)
Not printed: four more 2025 reading questions could not be printed because our copy of the paper is incomplete: Group 4 2025 solar eclipse (options cut off), Group 4 2025 women's day dialogue (the underlined questions are not marked), Group 4 2025 city festival (words missing in the passage) and Group 4 2025 translation accuracy (passage missing).
Questions to check with the official key
For these five, the answer printed in our copy does not fit the passage well, or the question may have been changed after the exam. Practise them, but do not learn the printed answer as certain until the official final key confirms it.
[TNPSC PYQ Group 2/2A, 2025] With a sense of optimism slowly creeping in, the banking industry is hopeful that 2025 will bring better growth prospects. This optimism stems from a number of factors. For one, the Government is working hard to revitalise the industrial growth in the country. Secondly, the RBI has initiated a number of measures that would go a long way in helping the banks to restructure themselves thereby improving the profile of non-performing banks.
What is the biggest challenge for banks in India?
(A) To handle corporate borrowers(B) To pursue targets of financial inclusion(C) Ever increasing level of non-performing assets(D) Onslaught of foreign banks
Printed answer: (C) Ever increasing level of non-performing assets. Why we doubt it: The passage never says what the biggest challenge for banks is; the printed answer (C) has to be guessed from "non-performing banks".
[TNPSC PYQ Group 2/2A, 2025] The old train chugged along the tracks, its rhythmic clanking a familiar sound. Steam billowed from its engine, creating a white cloud against the blue sky. Passengers gazed out the windows, watching the landscape roll by. The whistle blew, a long, mournful sound.
Match the description of the train journey in Column A with their meanings in Column B.
| (a) Rhythmic clanting | 1. Creates a visual effect |
| (b) Steam billows | 2. Provides an auditory experience |
| (c) Passengers gazing | 3. Highlights the pace of the train |
| (d) Mournful whistle | 4. Indicates observation and travel |
(A) 4213(B) 1243(C) 2143(D) 3421
Printed answer: (C) 2143. Why we doubt it: Only code (C) gives a-2, b-1, c-4, but it pairs the mournful whistle (a sound) with "highlights the pace of the train"; the clanking fits the pace better.
[TNPSC PYQ Group 2/2A, 2025] According to Dr. Montague, "Women are not only equal in intelligence to men, they have in reserve the genius of humaness, the highest form of intelligence. Man proceeds by analysis to study a problem, whereas women can even grasp it intuitively in its entirety".
What does the above passage imply?
(A) Equality in India(B) Role of women in India(C) Innate Intelligence of women(D) About Dr. Montague
Printed answer: (C) Innate Intelligence of women. Why we doubt it: One question of the 2025 paper was sent to the expert committee, and from our copy we cannot tell whether it is this one.
[TNPSC PYQ Group 4, 2025] E-governance can empower citizens to participate in climate action by providing platforms for feedback collaboration and reporting environmental concerns
How can e-governance enhance citizen engagement in climate change initiatives?
(a) Providing online forums for citizens to share ideas.
(b) Enabling citizens to report illegal dumping or pollution incidents.
(c) Offering online tools for citizens to calculate their carbon foot print.
(d) Replacing all traditional in-person meetings with online surveys.
(A) Only (c)(B) (a), (b) and (c)(C) Only (d)(D) All of the above
Printed answer: (B) (a), (b) and (c). Why we doubt it: The printed answer (B) includes (c) "online tools to calculate their carbon foot print", which the text does not mention.
[TNPSC PYQ Group 4, 2025] The relentless surge in global temperatures paints a stark, picture of our planet's future. Melting glaciers, raging wildfires and unprecedented floods serve as grim reminders of the escalating crisis. A sense of urgency pervades scientific reports, echoing the desperate need for immediate and decisive action. The window of opportunity to mitigate the catastrophic effects of climate change is rapidly closing, leaving behind a legacy of irreversible damage.
Which of the following words and phrases contribute to the mood of the passage?
(A) Relentless surge(B) Paints a stark picture(C) Legacy of irreversible damage(D) Balanced and calm
Printed answer: (A) Relentless surge. Why we doubt it: The printed answer is (A) only, but (B) "paints a stark picture" and (C) "legacy of irreversible damage" also build the same grim mood.
Your question from the video [TNPSC PYQ Group 4, 2025] E-governance reduces physical paper work. Online data storage enhances security. This facilitates faster service delivery. Increased digital literacy is essential for widespread adoption.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the passage?
(a) E-governance increases physical paper work
(b) Online data storage improves security.
(c) Increased digital literacy is crucial for e-governance success.
(d) E-governance slow down service delivery
(A) (a), (b)(B) (b), (d)(C) (b), (c)(D) (a), (d)
Answer in the comments, then check the answer key at the end.
Practice questions on new passages
Passage AIn September 2025, Gram Panchayats received the National Awards for e-Governance under a newly created category for grassroots digital service delivery, the first recognition of its kind. Rohini Gram Panchayat in Maharashtra, the Gold winner, adopted a fully paperless e-Office system and offers 1,027 online services. West Majlishpur in Tripura made certificates, licences and job cards available online, with every request monitored digitally. Palsana in Gujarat enabled QR and UPI-based property tax payments. Suakati in Odisha provides round-the-clock citizen access with real-time tracking. The Gold and Silver awards carry Rs.10 lakh and Rs.5 lakh, to be reinvested in citizen-centric initiatives.
Our own words from a PIB press release of the Ministry of Panchayati Raj, 22 September 2025.
1. Based on the passage, which of the following statements are true?(a) This was the first time Gram Panchayats were recognised in a category of their own.
(b) Rohini Gram Panchayat offers more than one thousand online services.
(c) All four Gram Panchayats received prize money.
(d) Palsana Gram Panchayat accepts property tax only in cash.
(A) (a) and (b)(B) (b) and (c)(C) (a), (b) and (c)(D) (c) and (d)
2. The prize money given with the Gold and Silver awards must be ________(A) spent on staff salaries(B) returned to the State Government(C) reinvested in citizen-centric initiatives(D) used only for new office buildings
3. Match the Gram Panchayat in Column A with its initiative in Column B.| (a) Rohini | 1. QR and UPI-based property tax payments |
| (b) West Majlishpur | 2. A fully paperless e-Office system |
| (c) Palsana | 3. Round-the-clock access with real-time tracking |
| (d) Suakati | 4. Every request monitored digitally |
(A) 4 2 1 3(B) 2 4 1 3(C) 2 4 3 1(D) 1 2 4 3
4. In the passage, the word "grassroots" refers to(A) farming and agriculture(B) the national level(C) the local village level(D) urban municipal councils
5. Which of the following can best be inferred from the passage?(A) Only Maharashtra has digital Gram Panchayats.(B) Digital services can reach citizens even at the village level.(C) Online services have reduced the number of villages.(D) Paper records are now banned across India.
6. Which question can be answered from the passage?(A) Who is the head of Palsana Gram Panchayat?(B) How much property tax did Palsana collect last year?(C) How many online services does Rohini Gram Panchayat offer?(D) When will the next awards be given?
7. Which statement best gives the main idea of the passage?(A) West Majlishpur issues job cards online.(B) Gram Panchayats are using digital tools to deliver services better.(C) Awards should be given only to big cities.(D) Paperless offices are too expensive for villages.
Passage BMangrove forests grow along sea coasts and river mouths, where the water is a mix of salt water and fresh water. Their tangled roots hold the soil firmly and slow down waves, so they protect the coast during storms. The roots also give shelter to young fish, prawns and crabs, which is why fishermen value them. Pichavaram, near Chidambaram, is one of the best known mangrove forests of Tamil Nadu. When mangroves are cut for farms or buildings, the coast behind them is left open to the sea.
8. Based on the passage, which of the following statements are true?(a) Mangrove roots help to hold the coastal soil.
(b) Mangroves grow only in fresh water lakes.
(c) Mangroves give shelter to young fish and crabs.
(d) Pichavaram is a desert in Tamil Nadu.
(A) (a) and (b)(B) (a) and (c)(C) (b) and (d)(D) (c) and (d)
9. Mangroves protect the coast during storms because they ________(A) slow down waves(B) stop the rain(C) raise the sea level(D) bring more fishermen
10. What can be inferred from the last sentence of the passage?(A) Mangroves should be cut to make farms.(B) Cutting mangroves puts the coast at risk.(C) Buildings protect the coast better than mangroves.(D) The sea never reaches the coast.
11. Which question is related to the given passage?(A) How many tourists visit Pichavaram every year?(B) Why do fishermen value mangrove forests?(C) Which mangrove forest is the largest in the world?(D) What is the price of prawns in Chidambaram?
Passage CKavin looked at his watch for the third time and walked to the edge of the bus stop. The interview was at ten, and the town was forty minutes away. When the bus finally came, he climbed in before it had fully stopped. He spent the whole journey reading his notes and did not look out of the window even once.
12. What can be inferred about Kavin?(A) He was worried about being late for the interview.(B) He was enjoying the view from the bus.(C) He did not care about the interview.(D) He had missed the interview.
13. Kavin read his notes during the journey, hinting at his ________(A) boredom(B) carelessness(C) preparation(D) anger
14. Which of the following questions about the passage is a strong (open) question?(A) Did Kavin take a bus?(B) Was the interview at ten?(C) Why did Kavin climb in before the bus stopped?(D) Did Kavin look at his watch?
15. Which statement accurately describes the order of events?(a) Kavin read his notes before the bus came.
(b) Kavin looked at his watch before the bus came.
(c) Kavin climbed into the bus after it had fully stopped.
(d) Kavin read his notes after he got into the bus.
(A) (a) and (c)(B) (b) and (d)(C) (a) and (d)(D) (b) and (c)
Answer key: 1 A, 2 C, 3 B, 4 C, 5 B, 6 C, 7 B, 8 B, 9 A, 10 B, 11 B, 12 A, 13 C, 14 C, 15 B
Why? Proof lines
| No. | Proof |
|---|
| 1 (A) | "newly created category ... the first recognition of its kind"; "offers 1,027 online services". (c): the passage gives prize money only for the Gold and Silver awards, not for all four. (d) is the opposite (QR and UPI payments) with the too-strong "only". |
| 2 (C) | "to be reinvested in citizen-centric initiatives". The others are not in the passage. |
| 3 (B) | Rohini, paperless e-Office = 2; West Majlishpur, every request monitored = 4; Palsana, QR and UPI tax = 1; Suakati, round-the-clock = 3. |
| 4 (C) | The awards are for Gram Panchayats, the village level. (A) is the word-by-word meaning (grass, roots); (B) is the opposite. |
| 5 (B) | Four village panchayats in four States deliver services online. (A) is the opposite (four States are named); (C) and (D) are not in the passage. |
| 6 (C) | "offers 1,027 online services". The passage gives no names, no tax figures and no next dates. |
| 7 (B) | Every sentence is about panchayats delivering services digitally. (A) is true but only one detail, not the main idea; (C) is the opposite; (D) is not in the passage. |
| 8 (B) | "Their tangled roots hold the soil firmly" (a); "give shelter to young fish, prawns and crabs" (c). (b) is the opposite (salt and fresh water, coasts) with "only"; (d) is the opposite (a mangrove forest). |
| 9 (A) | "Their tangled roots hold the soil firmly and slow down waves, so they protect the coast during storms." |
| 10 (B) | "the coast behind them is left open to the sea". (A) and (C) are the opposite; (D) is not in the passage. |
| 11 (B) | "which is why fishermen value them": the passage answers only (B). The others are not in the passage. |
| 12 (A) | He checks his watch three times and climbs in before the bus stops. (B) is the opposite ("did not look out of the window even once"); (C) is the opposite (he read his notes); (D) is not in the passage. |
| 13 (C) | Reading his notes before an interview shows he was preparing. Boredom and carelessness are the opposite; anger is not in the passage. |
| 14 (C) | (A), (B) and (D) are weak, yes / no questions. A "why" question makes you explain: he was in a hurry. |
| 15 (B) | He looked at his watch at the bus stop (b) and read his notes during the journey (d). (a) changes the order; (c) is the opposite ("before it had fully stopped"). |
Your question from the video (Group 4, 2025): Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the passage? Answer: (C) (b), (c). Proof: "Online data storage enhances security" = (b); "Increased digital literacy is essential for widespread adoption" = (c). (a) "increases physical paper work" and (d) "slow down service delivery" are the opposite of the passage.
More practice: search COMPREHENSION on arivark.com for this PDF, and follow t.me/arivarkacademy for daily questions.
Sources: TNPSC previous year questions (Group 2/2A Prelims 2025 and Group 4 2025 General English papers, answers as printed); practice passage A in our own words from a PIB press release of the Ministry of Panchayati Raj (22 September 2025); method, counts and other practice questions by ArivArk Academy
