Bacterial enzymes for plasticizer degradation

Syllabus: Prelims Unit II - Geography of India

Key research findings

• IIT Roorkee researchers identified a successful bacterial enzyme for plasticizer degradation.
• Led by Dr. Pravindra Kumar from the Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering.
• Research published in the journal Structure.
• Enzyme sourced from Sulfolobus acidophilus bacteria.

Technical details

• The enzyme degrades diethyl hexyl phthalate (DEHP), a commonly used plasticizer.
• The degradation process was characterized using X-ray crystallography.
• Enzyme retains activity for approximately one month.
• Enabled molecular-level analysis of DEHP degradation.
• Conducted in collaboration with THDC India Limited and Rishikesh.

Bacterial strains and enzymes

• Primary bacteria: Sulfolobus acidophilus.
• Other bacteria involved: Comamonas testosteroni.
• Three enzymes identified in sequence for the degradation process.
• Enzymes convert DEHP into water and carbon dioxide through an aerobic culture.

Environmental impact

• Tackles concerns of plastic pollution.
• Offers a sustainable method for degrading plasticizers.
• Effective for products containing plasticizers, such as baby toys, shampoos, and soaps.
• Prevents direct skin absorption of plasticizers, reducing health risks.